<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
  <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    <title>printk</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" />
    <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1" />
    <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" />
    <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" />
    <link rel="prev" href="printk2.html" title="printk2" />
    <link rel="next" href="printks.html" title="printks" />
  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="navheader">
      <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
        <tr>
          <th colspan="3" align="center">printk</th>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="printk2.html">Prev</a> </td>
          <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th>
          <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="printks.html">Next</a></td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <hr />
    </div>
    <div class="refentry">
      <a id="printk"></a>
      <div class="titlepage"></div>
      <a id="IndexPrintk" class="indexterm"></a>
      <div class="refnamediv">
        <h2>
          <span class="refentrytitle">printk</span>
        </h2>
        <p>printk — 
      Prints one k-rate value at specified intervals.
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp135864672"></a>
        <h2>Description</h2>
        <p>
      Prints one k-rate value at specified intervals.
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp135868768"></a>
        <h2>Syntax</h2>
        <pre class="synopsis"><span class="command"><strong>printk</strong></span> itime, kval [, ispace]</pre>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp135870816"></a>
        <h2>Initialization</h2>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>itime</em></span> -- time in seconds between printings.
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>ispace</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- number of spaces to insert before printing. (default: 0, max: 130)
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp135937808"></a>
        <h2>Performance</h2>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>kval</em></span> -- The k-rate values to be printed. 
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>printk</em></span> prints one k-rate value on every k-cycle, every second or at intervals specified. First the instrument number is printed, then the absolute time in seconds, then a specified number of spaces, then the <span class="emphasis"><em>kval</em></span> value. The variable number of spaces enables different values to be spaced out across the screen - so they are easier to view.
    </p>
        <p>
      This opcode can be run on every k-cycle it is run in the instrument. To every accomplish this, set <span class="emphasis"><em>itime</em></span> to 0.
    </p>
        <p>
      When <span class="emphasis"><em>itime</em></span> is not 0, the opcode print on the first k-cycle it is called, and subsequently when every <span class="emphasis"><em>itime</em></span> period has elapsed. The time cycles start from the time the opcode is initialized - typically the initialization of the instrument.
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp135943504"></a>
        <h2>Examples</h2>
        <p>
      Here is an example of the printk opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/printk.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">printk.csd</em></a>.

      </p>
        <div class="example">
          <a id="idp135945360"></a>
          <p class="title">
            <strong>Example 652. Example of the printk opcode.</strong>
          </p>
          <div class="example-contents">
            <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
            <pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
<span class="comment">; Audio out   Audio in</span>
-odac           -iadc    <span class="comment">;;;RT audio I/O</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="comment">; -o printk.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsInstruments&gt;</span>

<span class="comment">; Initialize the global variables.</span>
<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">kr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1

<span class="comment">; Instrument #1.</span>
<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1
  <span class="comment">; Change a value linearly from 0 to 100,</span>
  <span class="comment">; over the period defined by p3.</span>
  kval <span class="opc">line</span> 0, p3, 100

  <span class="comment">; Print the value of kval, once per second.</span>
  <span class="opc">printk</span> 1, kval
<span class="oblock">endin</span>


<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsInstruments&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsScore&gt;</span>

<span class="comment">; Play Instrument #1 for 5 seconds.</span>
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 5
<span class="stamnt">e</span>


<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsScore&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
</pre>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p><br class="example-break" />

      Its output should include lines like this:
      </p>
        <pre class="screen">
 i   1 time     0.00002:     0.00000
 i   1 time     1.00002:    20.01084
 i   1 time     2.00002:    40.02999
 i   1 time     3.00002:    60.04914
 i   1 time     4.00002:    79.93327</pre>
        <p>
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp135950560"></a>
        <h2>See Also</h2>
        <p>
      <a class="link" href="printk2.html" title="printk2"><em class="citetitle">printk2</em></a> and
      <a class="link" href="printks.html" title="printks"><em class="citetitle">printks</em></a>
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp135953600"></a>
        <h2>Credits</h2>
        <p>
      </p>
        <table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
          <tr>
            <td>Author: Robin Whittle</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Australia</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>May 1997</td>
          </tr>
        </table>
        <p>
    </p>
        <p>Example written by Kevin Conder.</p>
        <p>Thanks goes to Luis Jure for pointing out a mistake with the <span class="emphasis"><em>itime</em></span> parameter.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="navfooter">
      <hr />
      <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
        <tr>
          <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="printk2.html">Prev</a> </td>
          <td width="20%" align="center">
            <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a>
          </td>
          <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="printks.html">Next</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">printk2 </td>
          <td width="20%" align="center">
            <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a>
          </td>
          <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> printks</td>
        </tr>
      </table>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>
